Caroline County was named for Caroline of Anspach, consort of George II. It was formed from Essex, King and Queen, and King William Counties in 1728, and additional parts of King and Queen were added in 1742 and 1762. Its area is 549 square miles, and the county seat is Bowling Green. According to the 2000 census, its population is 22,121.

Note: Most records prior to 1836 were destroyed during the Civil War. Some deeds and wills are recorded in extant Chancery Papers, and a considerable number of order books and loose papers survive.

Original Records at The Library of Virginia: Yes