33 10 378 https://www.lva.virginia.gov/collections/educator-resources/changemakers/files/original/13f4b7486ba89e91648e2ecc0afad029.jpg 8d67daf62263e71f3afab6e1cf4b205d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Emergence of Modern America Description An account of the resource The idea of a “Modern United States” begins with the advent of the Progressive era. The Progressive movement focused on reforms they viewed as necessary after drastic increases in industrialization, immigration, urbanization and corruption in the business and political realms. One of the most successful reform movements of the time periods is the women’s suffrage movement. Other movements that gained traction on a new scale during this era were the labor movement, including the rise of unions, and the Harlem Renaissance and northward migration of the African American population. The time also saw a resurgence of the Ku Klux Klan in direct retaliation to increased immigration and shifting roles for African Americans. With all of the changes on the home front of America, this era also saw the emergence of the United States as a major world power. The Spanish-American War pitted the United States against a European power other than Great Britain for the first time, and battles spanned the Atlantic and Pacific. The war also led to the rise of Theodore Roosevelt, an increase in propaganda and marketing of a war, both through yellow journalism and war slogans and ephemera encouraging citizens to “Remember the Maine!” Soon after, the United States would come to find itself embroiled in World War I, despite strong isolationist tendencies. Along with a large death toll, World War I led to the development of the failed League of Nations, ultimately pushing the United States even further into an isolationist standing that would last for decades. The immediate postwar period of the “Roaring 20s” saw a domination in politics and economics by big business and its supporters, which would all come crashing down in less than a decade. Learn more in the National U.S. History Content Standards. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1890-1930 Person An individual. Birth Date 1868 Birthplace Smyth County Death Date 1940 Occupation Entrepreneur and Lutheran Lay Leader Biographical Text A confidante and mother-in-law of the writer Sherwood Anderson, Laura Lu Scherer Copenhaver (August 29, 1868-December 18, 1940) continued a family tradition of service to the Lutheran Church. She wrote fiction, poetry, and dozens of church pageants, many in collaboration with her younger sister, Katharine Killinger Scherer Cronk. One of Copenhaver's poems, "Heralds of Christ", became a well-known hymn. Her advocacy inspired the Women's Missionary Society to establish the Konnarock Training School to provide elementary-level academic and religious education for Smyth County children who did not have access to other public schools. As director of information for the Marion-based Virginia Farm Bureau Federation, Copenhaver advanced strategies for developing southwestern Virginia's agricultural economy. She emphasized the importance of cooperative marketing of farm products in order to improve the standard of living for farm families. Copenhaver practiced such cooperative strategies herself by coordinating the production of textiles out of her home, Rosemont. She hired women to produce coverlets based on traditional patterns and using local wool. Rosemont Industries expanded its offerings to include a wide variety of rugs, bed canopies and fringes, and other household items, some woven, knitted, or crocheted by hand and others manufactured by machine. Rosemont's popular textiles attracted customers from throughout the United States and from Asia, Europe, and South America. After Copenhaver's death, her sister Minerva May Scherer, longtime dean of Marion College, headed Rosemont Industries for two decades. In 1960 some of Copenhaver's children incorporated the business as Laura Copenhaver Industries, Inc., which continues to manufacture traditional textiles. <a href="https://edu.lva.virginia.gov/changemakers/va-women-2007" target="_blank" rel="noopener">2007</a> Virginia Women in History honoree, Library of Virginia. Bibliography Image Courtesy of the Copenhaver Family. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Laura Lu Scherer Copenhaver Subject The topic of the resource Virginia Women In History Description An account of the resource As founder of Rosemont Industries and as a Lutheran lay leader, Laura Lu Scherer Copenhaver advocated strategies for improving educational and economic opportunities in southwestern Virginia. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2007 Virginia Women in History Business and Entrepreneurship Religion https://www.lva.virginia.gov/collections/educator-resources/changemakers/files/original/8340b185445b2bf16f7cd9153b37b84a.jpg fc217bfc01d7b57ca31d3dc421119e3f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Emergence of Modern America Description An account of the resource The idea of a “Modern United States” begins with the advent of the Progressive era. The Progressive movement focused on reforms they viewed as necessary after drastic increases in industrialization, immigration, urbanization and corruption in the business and political realms. One of the most successful reform movements of the time periods is the women’s suffrage movement. Other movements that gained traction on a new scale during this era were the labor movement, including the rise of unions, and the Harlem Renaissance and northward migration of the African American population. The time also saw a resurgence of the Ku Klux Klan in direct retaliation to increased immigration and shifting roles for African Americans. With all of the changes on the home front of America, this era also saw the emergence of the United States as a major world power. The Spanish-American War pitted the United States against a European power other than Great Britain for the first time, and battles spanned the Atlantic and Pacific. The war also led to the rise of Theodore Roosevelt, an increase in propaganda and marketing of a war, both through yellow journalism and war slogans and ephemera encouraging citizens to “Remember the Maine!” Soon after, the United States would come to find itself embroiled in World War I, despite strong isolationist tendencies. Along with a large death toll, World War I led to the development of the failed League of Nations, ultimately pushing the United States even further into an isolationist standing that would last for decades. The immediate postwar period of the “Roaring 20s” saw a domination in politics and economics by big business and its supporters, which would all come crashing down in less than a decade. Learn more in the National U.S. History Content Standards. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1890-1930 Person An individual. Birth Date 1888 Birthplace Richmond Death Date 1982 Occupation Civic Activist Biographical Text The daughter of Polish immigrants, Naomi Silverman Cohn (April 15, 1888–October 20, 1982), settled in Richmond with her husband in 1909. She plunged into community work, assisting new immigrants through her involvement with the local chapter of the National Council of Jewish Women. She was a charter member of the Richmond League of Women Voters in 1920 and later held office in the state league. She consistently urged women to exercise their right to vote. The mother of three children, Cohn believed strongly that women, especially mothers, should participate in political activity to improve life for all Virginians. In 1923 Cohn cofounded the Virginia Women's Council of Legislative Chairmen of State Organizations (later the Virginia Council on State Organizations) to monitor bills in the General Assembly that were of special interest to women. Named executive secretary of the Virginia Consumers' League in 1936, she worked for legislation to improve labor conditions for workers in the state. Her lobbying led to the passage of a state law in 1938 limiting women's paid work in many occupations to forty-eight hours a week rather than the previously allowed seventy hours. The next year she became director of the Division of Women and Children for the Virginia Department of Labor and Industry. For her advocacy, the Richmond Times-Dispatch named Cohn to its "Virginia Honor Roll of 1938," and the Virginia Business and Professional Women Foundation named her among its first honorees on the Women of Virginia Historic Trail in 1993. <a href="https://edu.lva.virginia.gov/changemakers/va-women-2014" target="_blank" rel="noopener">2014</a> Virginia Women in History honoree, Library of Virginia. Bibliography Image Courtesy of Kitty Cohn. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Naomi Silverman Cohn Subject The topic of the resource Virginia Women In History Description An account of the resource Activist Naomi Silverman Cohn advocated social legislation to improve the lives of women and children. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2014 Virginia Women in History Honoree Civil Rights and Reform Community Leadership and Philanthropy https://www.lva.virginia.gov/collections/educator-resources/changemakers/files/original/019b55cdad3d0d2606c805db58fadac5.jpg ddc657be7ce4f884a417e46acda9bcb8 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Emergence of Modern America Description An account of the resource The idea of a “Modern United States” begins with the advent of the Progressive era. The Progressive movement focused on reforms they viewed as necessary after drastic increases in industrialization, immigration, urbanization and corruption in the business and political realms. One of the most successful reform movements of the time periods is the women’s suffrage movement. Other movements that gained traction on a new scale during this era were the labor movement, including the rise of unions, and the Harlem Renaissance and northward migration of the African American population. The time also saw a resurgence of the Ku Klux Klan in direct retaliation to increased immigration and shifting roles for African Americans. With all of the changes on the home front of America, this era also saw the emergence of the United States as a major world power. The Spanish-American War pitted the United States against a European power other than Great Britain for the first time, and battles spanned the Atlantic and Pacific. The war also led to the rise of Theodore Roosevelt, an increase in propaganda and marketing of a war, both through yellow journalism and war slogans and ephemera encouraging citizens to “Remember the Maine!” Soon after, the United States would come to find itself embroiled in World War I, despite strong isolationist tendencies. Along with a large death toll, World War I led to the development of the failed League of Nations, ultimately pushing the United States even further into an isolationist standing that would last for decades. The immediate postwar period of the “Roaring 20s” saw a domination in politics and economics by big business and its supporters, which would all come crashing down in less than a decade. Learn more in the National U.S. History Content Standards. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1890-1930 Person An individual. Birth Date 1873 Death Date 1947 Occupation Writer Biographical Text Born in Frederick County, Willa Sibert Cather (December 7, 1873–April 24, 1947) grew up at her family's home along Back Creek, near Winchester. When she was nine, her family moved to Nebraska, following her father's parents and brother, who had immigrated to the western frontier during the 1870s. While attending the University of Nebraska, where she planned to study medicine, Cather showed a marked talent for journalism and story writing. Her first job out of college was as editor of Home Monthly, a woman's magazine based in Pittsburgh. She also wrote short stories, some of which were published in 1905 as The Troll Garden, which led to an invitation to join the staff of the phenomenally successful McClure's Magazine. She served as its managing editor from 1906 until leaving late in 1911 to devote herself wholly to writing novels. Her first novel, Alexander’s Bridge (1912), focused on a westerner who found success as a bridge builder in Boston. Cather found her characteristic themes—the spirit and courage of the frontier settlers—from observations during her youth in Red Cloud, Nebraska. Among her finest achievements are O Pioneers! (1913) and My Ántonia (1918), which were praised for their memorable heroines and depiction of the frontier. Cather's World War I novel, One of Ours (1922), was a bestseller and won the Pulitzer Prize in 1923. She returned to her family's Virginia roots for her final novel, Sapphira and the Slave Girl (1940), which told the story of an enslaved woman's escape from the Shenandoah Valley before the Civil War. Although she suffered poor health in later years, Cather continued to write and in 1944 received the Gold Medal in Literature from the National Institute of Arts and Letters in recognition of her work. <a href="https://edu.lva.virginia.gov/changemakers/va-women-2000" target="_blank" rel="noopener">2000</a> Virginia Women in History honoree, Virginia Foundation for Women and Delta Kappa Gamma Society International. Birthplace Frederick County Bibliography Image Courtesy of Nebraska State Historical Society. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Willa Cather Subject The topic of the resource Virginia Women In History Description An account of the resource Pulitzer Prize–winning author Willa Cather was acclaimed for her novels portraying the settlers and frontier life of the American Plains. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2000 Virginia Women in History Honoree Arts and Literature https://www.lva.virginia.gov/collections/educator-resources/changemakers/files/original/809521bbda5e671fff8b672e53b4caac.jpg fb06d77488a396d11464290332b856fc Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Emergence of Modern America Description An account of the resource The idea of a “Modern United States” begins with the advent of the Progressive era. The Progressive movement focused on reforms they viewed as necessary after drastic increases in industrialization, immigration, urbanization and corruption in the business and political realms. One of the most successful reform movements of the time periods is the women’s suffrage movement. Other movements that gained traction on a new scale during this era were the labor movement, including the rise of unions, and the Harlem Renaissance and northward migration of the African American population. The time also saw a resurgence of the Ku Klux Klan in direct retaliation to increased immigration and shifting roles for African Americans. With all of the changes on the home front of America, this era also saw the emergence of the United States as a major world power. The Spanish-American War pitted the United States against a European power other than Great Britain for the first time, and battles spanned the Atlantic and Pacific. The war also led to the rise of Theodore Roosevelt, an increase in propaganda and marketing of a war, both through yellow journalism and war slogans and ephemera encouraging citizens to “Remember the Maine!” Soon after, the United States would come to find itself embroiled in World War I, despite strong isolationist tendencies. Along with a large death toll, World War I led to the development of the failed League of Nations, ultimately pushing the United States even further into an isolationist standing that would last for decades. The immediate postwar period of the “Roaring 20s” saw a domination in politics and economics by big business and its supporters, which would all come crashing down in less than a decade. Learn more in the National U.S. History Content Standards. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1890-1930 Person An individual. Birth Date 1868 Birthplace Carroll County Death Date 1956 Occupation Legislator Biographical Text The daughter of a farmer, Nancy Melvina "Vinnie" Caldwell (August 4, 1868–February 11, 1956) grew up in Carroll County. She attended the local public school and, at her mother's urging, took and passed an examination to become a teacher. Miss Vinnie, as she was known, taught at a series of schools until late in the 1890s. Frustrated by her low salary and the difficulties of teaching in an impoverished rural school system, Caldwell left teaching, Galax, and, later, the state. By 1920 she had returned to Galax and became involved in local politics, probably after women gained the right to vote that year. In 1927, the Democratic Party in Carroll County nominated her for the county's seat in the House of Delegates. Although southwestern Virginia was a stronghold of the Republican Party, and Republicans captured every other major office in the county, Caldwell defeated her male opponent by a vote of 1,990 to 1,895. She joined three other women in the assembly when it convened in January 1928. She sat on the Committees on Schools and Colleges, on Asylums and Prisons, and on Manufactures and Mechanic Arts. She introduced several bills related to Galax and Carroll County and was a patron of an unsuccessful bill to appropriate $100,000 for pensions for mothers. Caldwell did not seek reelection in 1929, but maintained a keen interest in current events for the rest of her life and devoted herself to welfare work in the Galax area. Nominated by Larnette Snow, librarian, on behalf of the sixth-grade American history students (2013–2014) at St. Paul School, Cana, Carroll County. <a href="https://edu.lva.virginia.gov/changemakers/va-women-2015" target="_blank" rel="noopener">2015</a> Virginia Women in History honoree, Library of Virginia. Bibliography Image Courtesy of The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Nancy Melvina "Vinnie" Caldwell Subject The topic of the resource Virginia Women In History Description An account of the resource When elected to the House of Delegates in 1927, Nancy "Vinnie" Caldwell became one of the earliest women to serve in the Virginia General Assembly. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2015 Virginia Women in History Honoree Government and Law https://www.lva.virginia.gov/collections/educator-resources/changemakers/files/original/c3437e0bf7911765f1b96020d9a6e39b.jpg 0ae4c245ee78507447f95df4af37f267 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Emergence of Modern America Description An account of the resource The idea of a “Modern United States” begins with the advent of the Progressive era. The Progressive movement focused on reforms they viewed as necessary after drastic increases in industrialization, immigration, urbanization and corruption in the business and political realms. One of the most successful reform movements of the time periods is the women’s suffrage movement. Other movements that gained traction on a new scale during this era were the labor movement, including the rise of unions, and the Harlem Renaissance and northward migration of the African American population. The time also saw a resurgence of the Ku Klux Klan in direct retaliation to increased immigration and shifting roles for African Americans. With all of the changes on the home front of America, this era also saw the emergence of the United States as a major world power. The Spanish-American War pitted the United States against a European power other than Great Britain for the first time, and battles spanned the Atlantic and Pacific. The war also led to the rise of Theodore Roosevelt, an increase in propaganda and marketing of a war, both through yellow journalism and war slogans and ephemera encouraging citizens to “Remember the Maine!” Soon after, the United States would come to find itself embroiled in World War I, despite strong isolationist tendencies. Along with a large death toll, World War I led to the development of the failed League of Nations, ultimately pushing the United States even further into an isolationist standing that would last for decades. The immediate postwar period of the “Roaring 20s” saw a domination in politics and economics by big business and its supporters, which would all come crashing down in less than a decade. Learn more in the National U.S. History Content Standards. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1890-1930 Person An individual. Birth Date 1865 Birthplace Hanover County Death Date 1948 Occupation Educator Biographical Text Born in Athens, Georgia, Janie Porter Barrett (August 9, 1865–August 27, 1948), the daughter of a former slave, completed her formal education in 1884 at Hampton Normal and Agricultural Institute (now Hampton University). After teaching in Georgia schools and in the night school at Hampton, she married Harris Barrett, another Hampton graduate. Rather than settle for a comfortable life as a middle-class wife, Janie Porter Barrett devoted herself to social service work. Her Locust Street Social Settlement, established in 1890 and modeled on Jane Addams's Hull House in Chicago, gave help to poor women, taught job skills, and educated their children. In 1908 Barrett became a founder of the Virginia State Federation of Colored Women's Clubs, an affiliate of the influential National Association of Colored Women. During the 1910s she forged important creative alliances with members of the parallel white women's organizations in Virginia, particularly with Mary-Cooke Branch Munford, a Richmond social leader who worked for improvements in public education for children of both races. Their cooperation and the assistance of such business leaders as Richmond banker Maggie Lena Walker led to the Virginia Federation's 1914 purchase of a farm in Hanover County to provide safe housing, medical care, and job training for unmarried young black women and their children. Barrett managed the innovative and successful Virginia Industrial School for Colored Girls from 1915 until her retirement in 1940, by which time it had become part of the state system of schools for poor and needy girls. She boldly used her influential position to advocate black voting and participation in government years before the civil rights movement. Two years after her death on 27 August 1948, the General Assembly named the Hanover County school after her. <a href="https://edu.lva.virginia.gov/changemakers/va-women-2002" target="_blank" rel="noopener">2002</a> Virginia Women in History honoree, Virginia Foundation for Women and Delta Kappa Gamma Society International. Bibliography Image Courtesy of the Library of Virginia. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Janie Porter Barrett Subject The topic of the resource Virginia Women In History Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2002 Virginia Women In History Honoree Description An account of the resource Janie Porter Barrett devoted her life to improving opportunities for young African American women through education. Community Leadership and Philanthropy Education https://www.lva.virginia.gov/collections/educator-resources/changemakers/files/original/18182c5d4bdf04d0dbfcfe9a5b5307cc.jpg 88f52248f695bf884f86bebfa19f37f9 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Emergence of Modern America Description An account of the resource The idea of a “Modern United States” begins with the advent of the Progressive era. The Progressive movement focused on reforms they viewed as necessary after drastic increases in industrialization, immigration, urbanization and corruption in the business and political realms. One of the most successful reform movements of the time periods is the women’s suffrage movement. Other movements that gained traction on a new scale during this era were the labor movement, including the rise of unions, and the Harlem Renaissance and northward migration of the African American population. The time also saw a resurgence of the Ku Klux Klan in direct retaliation to increased immigration and shifting roles for African Americans. With all of the changes on the home front of America, this era also saw the emergence of the United States as a major world power. The Spanish-American War pitted the United States against a European power other than Great Britain for the first time, and battles spanned the Atlantic and Pacific. The war also led to the rise of Theodore Roosevelt, an increase in propaganda and marketing of a war, both through yellow journalism and war slogans and ephemera encouraging citizens to “Remember the Maine!” Soon after, the United States would come to find itself embroiled in World War I, despite strong isolationist tendencies. Along with a large death toll, World War I led to the development of the failed League of Nations, ultimately pushing the United States even further into an isolationist standing that would last for decades. The immediate postwar period of the “Roaring 20s” saw a domination in politics and economics by big business and its supporters, which would all come crashing down in less than a decade. Learn more in the National U.S. History Content Standards. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1890-1930 Person An individual. Birth Date 1879 Birthplace Albemarle County Death Date 1964 Occupation Member of Parliament Biographical Text Nancy Witcher Langhorne (May 19, 1879–May 2, 1964) grew up in Danville and Richmond. She spent summers at Mirador, her family's estate near Charlottesville, where she married Robert Gould Shaw II, a wealthy Bostonian, in 1897. They had a son before divorcing in 1903. While traveling to England she met millionaire Waldorf Astor, whom she married in 1906. They had five children. Nancy Astor was well known as a vivacious hostess at their English estate, Cliveden. When her husband inherited his father's title he entered the House of Lords, and Nancy Astor won his vacated seat in the House of Commons in 1919. She was the first woman to serve in Parliament and held her seat for twenty-six years. She advocated shorter working hours, pensions for widows, improvements in health care for mothers, and equal employment for women. She also supported temperance, which was not popular with her party. She was known for being fiery, outspoken, and confrontational. In the years before World War II, the Astors were accused of pro-German sentiment, which proved to be false. While her husband served as mayor of Plymouth during the war, Vicountess Astor restored her reputation as she worked to raise morale and construct shelters in the city after it was hit by German bombing raids. She did not run for reelection to Parliament in 1945. Nancy Astor was proud of being a Virginian, and in 1926 she and her husband donated to the commonwealth a portrait of a woman believed to be Queen Elizabeth I to inspire Virginia's women to work for the benefit of their state. <a href="https://edu.lva.virginia.gov/changemakers/va-women-2003" target="_blank" rel="noopener">2003</a> Virginia Women in History honoree, Virginia Foundation for Women and Delta Kappa Gamma Society International. Bibliography Image Courtesy of the Richmond Times-Dispatch. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Nancy Langhorne Astor Subject The topic of the resource Virginia Women In History Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2003 Virginia Women in History Honoree Description An account of the resource Nancy Langhorne Astor was the first woman to serve as a member of the British Parliament. Government and Law https://www.lva.virginia.gov/collections/educator-resources/changemakers/files/original/7185e29ce921a586bed98249d5ac5827.jpg 83d9b47d2c5b1ab1b6092245de5581f9 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Postwar United States Description An account of the resource The era immediately following World War II brought about vast changes, not only in foreign policy, but in economics and a changing civic landscape. The liberalism of the New Deal era grew into movements towards increasing civil liberties and economic opportunities, particularly for minorities and women. Protests became more and more common to the average American as groups demanded equal rights and voting equality. These movements were juxtaposed with Jim Crow laws and the reemergence of the KKK, which showed the darker side of life in the American South. The Cold War pitted the United States and its allies in the newly formed NATO against the ever-increasing and expanding Soviet Union and its fellow Communist regimes, particularly China, Korea and Vietnam. While this era is considered Postwar, it is in fact a move towards a new type of war, where campaigns are fought not only on the battleground, but in the political arena and social consciousness as well, fueled strongly by the increasing influence of television news. The fall of the Nazi regime opened the door to the Iron Curtain and Soviet dominance of Eastern Europe, and the defeat of Japan opened previously invaded lands to the chance to choose new leaders, many of whom sided with the tenants of Communism over those of Capitalism. The United States would spend much of this time period combating the “Domino Effect” to try and stem the spread of Communism, particularly in its own hemisphere with Cuba. At the same time, the United States invested millions into Western Europe through the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan to halt the spread of Communism further west. Learn more in the National U.S. History Content Standards Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1945-1970s Person An individual. Birth Date 1888 Birthplace Accomack County Death Date 1969 Occupation Historian Biographical Text A native of Pungoteague, in Accomack County, Susie May Ames (January 10, 1888–July 30, 1969) became an influential historian. After graduating from Randolph-Macon Woman's College in 1908 with a major in English and a minor in Latin, she taught in public schools in Virginia, Maryland, Indiana, and Kentucky until 1923, when she joined the Randolph-Macon Woman's College faculty. Like many other professional women of her generation, she never married. Ames continued her education while she worked. She received a master's degree from Columbia University in 1926 and a doctorate in history in 1940 with a published dissertation entitled Studies of the Virginia Eastern Shore in the Seventeenth Century. One of only a small number of women with a doctorate in history at that time, Ames taught at Randolph-Macon Woman's College until she retired in 1955. She published one of the first scholarly studies of the Eastern Shore during the Civil War, but her work concentrated on Virginia's early colonial period and its people. Ames edited and published two volumes of seventeenth-century Eastern Shore county court records, the first of them in 1954 in the prestigious American Legal Records series that the American Historical Association sponsored. Ames's five books and her scholarly articles in professional journals made major contributions to understanding the social and cultural life of men, women, and children in seventeenth-century Virginia. Ames was a founder of the Eastern Shore of Virginia Historical Society and in 1964 received a certificate of commendation from the American Association for State and Local History. <a href="https://edu.lva.virginia.gov/changemakers/va-women-2012" target="_blank" rel="noopener">2012</a> Virginia Women in History honoree, Library of Virginia. Bibliography Image Courtesy of The Library of Virginia. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Susie May Ames Subject The topic of the resource Virginia Women In History Description An account of the resource Susie M. Ames's writings made major contributions to understanding the social and cultural life of seventeenth-century Virginia. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2012 Virginia Women in History Honoree Arts and Literature Education https://www.lva.virginia.gov/collections/educator-resources/changemakers/files/original/6ebd1517e2dd46d121a4264d1f667292.jpg 37669801b50c84aa45d538e08a9863c9 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Emergence of Modern America Description An account of the resource The idea of a “Modern United States” begins with the advent of the Progressive era. The Progressive movement focused on reforms they viewed as necessary after drastic increases in industrialization, immigration, urbanization and corruption in the business and political realms. One of the most successful reform movements of the time periods is the women’s suffrage movement. Other movements that gained traction on a new scale during this era were the labor movement, including the rise of unions, and the Harlem Renaissance and northward migration of the African American population. The time also saw a resurgence of the Ku Klux Klan in direct retaliation to increased immigration and shifting roles for African Americans. With all of the changes on the home front of America, this era also saw the emergence of the United States as a major world power. The Spanish-American War pitted the United States against a European power other than Great Britain for the first time, and battles spanned the Atlantic and Pacific. The war also led to the rise of Theodore Roosevelt, an increase in propaganda and marketing of a war, both through yellow journalism and war slogans and ephemera encouraging citizens to “Remember the Maine!” Soon after, the United States would come to find itself embroiled in World War I, despite strong isolationist tendencies. Along with a large death toll, World War I led to the development of the failed League of Nations, ultimately pushing the United States even further into an isolationist standing that would last for decades. The immediate postwar period of the “Roaring 20s” saw a domination in politics and economics by big business and its supporters, which would all come crashing down in less than a decade. Learn more in the National U.S. History Content Standards. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1890-1930 Person An individual. Birth Date 1871 Birthplace Blacksburg Death Date 1958 Occupation Educator and Public Administrator Biographical Text Ella Graham Agnew (March 18, 1871–February 5, 1958) grew up in Nottoway County and attended business school in Richmond. While working as a secretary at a Long Island publishing firm, she was recruited in 1895 to teach stenography at the Huguenot Seminary in South Africa. She became the principal of a girls' boarding school and later worked for the Boers and the American consulate during the Boer War. After returning to the United States, she began a long association with the Young Women's Christian Association and became interested in practical education for rural girls. She created a vocational education program in Virginia, and in 1910 became the first female field-service home-demonstration agent of the United States Department of Agriculture. The Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute later administered her program, which included sewing, poultry husbandry, and other aspects of home economics. Agnew was founding president of the Virginia Federation of Business and Professional Women's Clubs in 1919. Early in the 1920s she traveled to rural YWCAs around the country and developed instructions to finance local chapters. She also served as the first female editor of the Southern Planter's section for women. In 1933 Agnew became the Virginia director of work relief activities for women with the New Deal organization later known as the Work Projects Administration. She was an able administrator and her programs became models for other states. Agnew retired in Richmond after the WPA closed in 1943. She received awards for improving opportunities for women and she was the first woman to have a building named for her on the Virginia Tech campus. <a href="https://edu.lva.virginia.gov/changemakers/va-women-2000" target="_blank" rel="noopener">2000</a> Virginia Women in History honoree, Virginia Foundation for Women and Delta Kappa Gamma Society International. Bibliography Image Courtesy of the National Archives and Records Administration. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Ella Graham Agnew Subject The topic of the resource Virginia Women In History Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2000 Virginia Women in History Honoree Description An account of the resource Ella Agnew was a pioneer in home demonstration work in rural Virginia early in the twentieth century. Community Leadership and Philanthropy Education https://www.lva.virginia.gov/collections/educator-resources/changemakers/files/original/32367cc5914e4c67018715ecae6efaeb.jpg 2c6f6fd3120e9ddc8c789eabc31f59a1 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Emergence of Modern America Description An account of the resource The idea of a “Modern United States” begins with the advent of the Progressive era. The Progressive movement focused on reforms they viewed as necessary after drastic increases in industrialization, immigration, urbanization and corruption in the business and political realms. One of the most successful reform movements of the time periods is the women’s suffrage movement. Other movements that gained traction on a new scale during this era were the labor movement, including the rise of unions, and the Harlem Renaissance and northward migration of the African American population. The time also saw a resurgence of the Ku Klux Klan in direct retaliation to increased immigration and shifting roles for African Americans. With all of the changes on the home front of America, this era also saw the emergence of the United States as a major world power. The Spanish-American War pitted the United States against a European power other than Great Britain for the first time, and battles spanned the Atlantic and Pacific. The war also led to the rise of Theodore Roosevelt, an increase in propaganda and marketing of a war, both through yellow journalism and war slogans and ephemera encouraging citizens to “Remember the Maine!” Soon after, the United States would come to find itself embroiled in World War I, despite strong isolationist tendencies. Along with a large death toll, World War I led to the development of the failed League of Nations, ultimately pushing the United States even further into an isolationist standing that would last for decades. The immediate postwar period of the “Roaring 20s” saw a domination in politics and economics by big business and its supporters, which would all come crashing down in less than a decade. Learn more in the National U.S. History Content Standards. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1890-1930 Person An individual. Birth Date 1861 Birthplace Roanoke Death Date 1937 Occupation Educator Biographical Text Lucy Addison (December 8, 1861–November 13, 1937) was born at Upperville, in Fauquier County, and grew up on a farm purchased by her father after the Civil War. She received some schooling before enrolling in the Institute for Colored Youth, a private school in Philadelphia that boasted a black faculty. After graduating with a teacher's diploma in 1882, she taught in Loudoun County before moving to Roanoke in 1886 to teach at the First Ward Colored School. In January 1887 Addison was named an interim principal. When a larger school building became available in 1888, she was appointed an assistant principal and also resumed teaching. During the ensuing thirty years she was an unerring source of instruction and guidance to generations of African American students. In 1918 Addison became principal of the new Harrison School, which offered classes only through the eighth grade. High school diplomas were unavailable to Roanoke's black students, and by gradually introducing new coursework, Addison eventually created a full high-school curriculum. The State Board of Education recognized her efforts in 1924 by accrediting the Harrison School as a secondary school. Addison retired at the end of the 1926–1927 school year. In January 1928 the city school board announced that a new high school for African Americans would be named in her honor. On April 19, 1929, she attended the formal opening of Lucy Addison High School, Roanoke's first public building named for one of its own citizens. Nominated by Jenny Woodall-Gainey's Sixth-Grade Class (2009–2010), Lucy Addision Middle School, Roanoke. <a href="https://edu.lva.virginia.gov/changemakers/va-women-2011" target="_blank" rel="noopener">2011</a> Virginia Women in History honoree, Library of Virginia. Bibliography Image Courtesy of The Roanoke Times. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lucy Addison Subject The topic of the resource Virginia Women In History Description An account of the resource A pioneering educator, Lucy Addison developed the first accredited high school for Roanoke's African American community. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2011 Virginia Women in History Honoree Education https://www.lva.virginia.gov/collections/educator-resources/changemakers/files/original/e1eff9e50d1c01dab9f982e624d50fc1.jpg 2c5de8418144565f8c550a7ac606ba59 https://www.lva.virginia.gov/collections/educator-resources/changemakers/files/original/e2a64bda9a0fb923d221d3fa89e2e78b.mp3 dabf8dcf17bfa16446e6925e14824c91 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Emergence of Modern America Description An account of the resource The idea of a “Modern United States” begins with the advent of the Progressive era. The Progressive movement focused on reforms they viewed as necessary after drastic increases in industrialization, immigration, urbanization and corruption in the business and political realms. One of the most successful reform movements of the time periods is the women’s suffrage movement. Other movements that gained traction on a new scale during this era were the labor movement, including the rise of unions, and the Harlem Renaissance and northward migration of the African American population. The time also saw a resurgence of the Ku Klux Klan in direct retaliation to increased immigration and shifting roles for African Americans. With all of the changes on the home front of America, this era also saw the emergence of the United States as a major world power. The Spanish-American War pitted the United States against a European power other than Great Britain for the first time, and battles spanned the Atlantic and Pacific. The war also led to the rise of Theodore Roosevelt, an increase in propaganda and marketing of a war, both through yellow journalism and war slogans and ephemera encouraging citizens to “Remember the Maine!” Soon after, the United States would come to find itself embroiled in World War I, despite strong isolationist tendencies. Along with a large death toll, World War I led to the development of the failed League of Nations, ultimately pushing the United States even further into an isolationist standing that would last for decades. The immediate postwar period of the “Roaring 20s” saw a domination in politics and economics by big business and its supporters, which would all come crashing down in less than a decade. Learn more in the National U.S. History Content Standards. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1890-1930 Person An individual. Birth Date 1874 Birthplace Norfolk Death Date 1957 Occupation Suffragist Biographical Text The formidable woman suffrage activist Pauline Forstall Colclough Adams (June 29, 1874–September 10, 1957) was born in Dublin, Ireland, and in 1898 settled in Norfolk, Virginia. She was an advocate of Esperanto, a constructed international auxiliary language. On November 18, 1910, the Norfolk Equal Suffrage League was organized during a meeting at her home. Adams served as the league's first president. Unlike her fellow Virginia suffragists, she advocated a militant approach to winning the vote for women. She shunned educational activities to speak in the city's streets and march in Washington, D.C., during President Woodrow Wilson's inaugural parade. Her actions prompted a rift in the conservative Norfolk league and a reprimand from state league headquarters in Richmond. She invented two popular suffrage games (now lost), Politics and Political Auction, which were sold in Virginia and Maryland in 1913 to raise funds for suffrage work. Adams joined the Congressional Union for Woman Suffrage—a more militant group renamed the National Woman's Party in 1917—and served as president of the Norfolk branch from 1917 to 1920. She was one of thirteen picketers arrested for attempting to "flaunt their banners" in front of Woodrow Wilson's reviewing stand before a Selective Service parade on September 4, 1917. The suffragists chose prison over a $25 fine and were sent to the workhouse at Occoquan, in Fairfax County, where Adams spent time in solitary confinement deprived of her blanket, hairbrush, and toothbrush. After passage of the Nineteenth Amendment in August 1920, Adams looked for new challenges. She passed the bar examination in 1921 and became the second woman to practice law in Norfolk. Adams remained involved in the political arena where she had fought so hard to win a place. She ran unsuccessfully for the city council and worked for the campaign of Norfolk's Sarah Lee Fain, one of the first two women elected to the House of Delegates in 1923. <a href="https://edu.lva.virginia.gov/changemakers/va-women-2009" target="_blank" rel="noopener">2009</a> Virginia Women in History honoree, Library of Virginia and featured as one of the Library's <a href="https://edu.lva.virginia.gov/changemakers/va-women-2020" target="_blank" rel="noopener">2020</a> Virginia Women in History suffrage activists as part of the Library's 19th Amendment Centennial <a href="https://edu.lva.virginia.gov/wedemand/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">exhibition</a>, We Demand: Women's Suffrage in Virginia. Bibliography Image Courtesy of the Library of Virginia. Audio clip: excerpt from Pauline Adams's remarks to a Virginia congressman, printed in The Suffragist, June 25, 1915, read by Library of Virginia staff. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Pauline Adams Subject The topic of the resource Virginia Women In History Description An account of the resource Taking a militant approach to the campaign for woman suffrage, Pauline Adams chose to go to prison for her political beliefs. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2009 Virginia Women in History Honoree Civil Rights and Reform