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                <text>&lt;em&gt;Remaking Virginia: Transformation Through Emancipation&lt;/em&gt; gallery exhibition</text>
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              <text>&lt;p&gt;15th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Right to Vote (1870)&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Amendment XV&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Section 1.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude—&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Section 2.&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;The Congress shall have the power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt; &lt;em&gt;Passed by Congress February 26, 1869. Ratified February 3, 1870.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>The Fifteenth Amendment to the Constitution prohibits the United States government and the government of any state from denying the vote to any citizen "on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude." It was passed by Congress in February 1869 and ratified by the states in 1870. </text>
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                <text>Transcription courtesy of Library of Virginia</text>
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United States</text>
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                <text>Mary Peake began teaching contraband at Fort Monroe in the autumn of 1861.  Two years later, General Benjamin F. Butler had this school constructed and it remained under military control until 1865, when the American Missionary Association began supplying teachers. It was later turned over to the trustees of the Hampton Normal and Agricultural Institute, who in 1871 allowed the nascent public school system of Elizabeth City County to manage it.</text>
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                <text>Mary Frances Morgan Armstrong and Helen W. Ludlow, &lt;em&gt;Hampton and Its Students. By Two of its Teachers&lt;/em&gt; (1874), p. 66</text>
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Hampton, Virginia</text>
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                <text>Peter Jacob Carter won election to the House of Delegates in 1871 to represent Northampton County. He served eight consecutive years and became a leader in the Republican Party.</text>
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Northampton County, Virginia</text>
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                <text>&lt;em&gt;Harper's Weekly&lt;/em&gt;, May 21, 1870</text>
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                <text>Southern Types-The Wolf and the Lamb in Politics</text>
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                <text>Like many white Southerners, white Virginians feared that African American support would lead to Radical Republican domination in state politics. Hostile whites described African American voters as easily manipulated by unscrupulous northerners (called carpetbaggers) and their rapacious local accomplices (called scalawags), but such beliefs were unwarranted, and many former slaves and free blacks achieved remarkable success considering the disadvantages under which they labored and the impediments that they often faced in the decades after emancipation.</text>
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                <text>James Wells Champney</text>
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                <text>Illustration in Library of Virginia, Prints and Photographs Division from Edward King, &lt;em&gt;The Great South...&lt;/em&gt; (1875)</text>
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                <text>Hartford, Conn.: American Publishing Company</text>
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                <text>ca. 1875</text>
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                <text>Library of Virginia</text>
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                <text>CC BY-SA</text>
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                <text>15_0962_001 Southern Types</text>
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                <text>Southern United States</text>
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                <text>Washington, D.C.-The Judiciary Committee of the House of Representatives Receiving a Deputation of Female Suffragists, January 11th-A Lady Delegate Reading Her Argument in Favor of Woman's Voting, on the Basis of the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Constitutional Amendments</text>
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                <text>Suffrage</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>On January 11, 1871, entrepreneur and woman suffrage advocate Victoria Woodhull became the first woman to address a congressional committee. In her remarks she declared that the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments granted women the right to vote. She attempted to cast her ballot in a New York election that November, as did woman suffrage advocate Anna Whitehead Bodeker in Richmond.</text>
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                <text>&lt;em&gt;Harper's Weekly&lt;/em&gt;, February 4, 1871, p. 349</text>
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                <text>Harper and Brothers</text>
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                <text>Library of Virginia</text>
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                <text>CC BY-SA</text>
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                <text>15_0959_002 Suffragist 1871</text>
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                <text>United States</text>
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        <name>suffrage</name>
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        <name>Women</name>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Petit Jury Pool for the May 1867 session of the United States Circuit Court, District of Virginia</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="7507">
                <text>African Americans, civil rights</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>These two photographs show some of Virginia's first interracial jury members. In May 1867, the United States Circuit Court for the District of Virginia appointed a grand jury composed of African American and white men. The court also named African American and white men to the venire (jury pool) from which petit juries were named for trials held during the court's term. The twenty-four men in these photographs were members of the petit jury pool and many or all of them sat on trial juries between May and September 1867. These men have been sometimes mistakenly identified as either the grand jury or the petit jury for the trial of Jefferson Davis, but he was indicted by an jury composed of white men in 1866 and was released on bond in May 1867 and never tried. </text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="7509">
                <text>David H. Anderson</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="7510">
                <text>Cook Photograph Collection, The Valentine, Richmond, Virginia</text>
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                <text>1867</text>
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                <text>Courtesy of The Valentine</text>
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            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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                <text>CC BY-SA</text>
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                <text>Salt print</text>
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                <text>Cook 4114_VRHC 150, Cook 1171 VRHC 150</text>
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                <text>Virginia</text>
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        <name>African Americans</name>
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        <name>civil rights</name>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
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                <text>Southampton County Poll List, 2d Magisterial District, 1st Precinct</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>African Americans, suffrage</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
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                <text>For decades, Virginia localities kept separate registers for African American and white voters. These registers are for Southampton County and record the African Americans and whites who voted at the first precinct of the second magisterial district during the election held on July 6, 1869. That day 94 percent of white registered voters in Southampton turned out and overwhelmingly approved the new constitution and elected Conservative Party candidates to the legislature. </text>
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                <text> Secretary of the Commonwealth, General Election Records, 1867, 1869, Southampton County, Accession 50706, State Government Records Collection,</text>
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                <text>July 6, 1869</text>
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                <text>Library of Virginia</text>
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            <name>Rights</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="7501">
                <text>CC BY-SA</text>
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            <name>Format</name>
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                <text>Printed form and manuscript</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>15_1072_010, 15_1072_011</text>
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                <text>Southampton County, Virginia</text>
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