20 10 377 https://www.lva.virginia.gov/events/exhibitions/online/oe/files/original/55615d224ab95fe44e5f3affc7e269c8.pdf 05db928a970c4d6984dd2314f4c90ec7 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document 14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution Citizenship (1868) Amendment XIV Section 1. All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws. Section 2. Representatives shall be apportioned among the several States according to their respective numbers, counting the whole number of persons in each State, excluding Indians not taxed. But when the right to vote at any election for the choice of electors for President and Vice-President of the United States, Representatives in Congress, the Executive and Judicial officers of a State, or the members of the Legislature thereof, is denied to any of the male inhabitants of such State, being twenty-one years of age,* and citizens of the United States, or in any way abridged, except for participation in rebellion, or other crime, the basis of representation therein shall be reduced in the proportion which the number of such male citizens shall bear to the whole number of male citizens twenty-one years of age in such State. Section 3. No person shall be a Senator or Representative in Congress, or elector of President and Vice-President, or hold any office, civil or military, under the United States, or under any State, who, having previously taken an oath, as a member of Congress, or as an officer of the United States, or as a member of any State legislature, or as an executive or judicial officer of any State, to support the Constitution of the United States, shall have engaged in insurrection or rebellion against the same, or given aid or comfort to the enemies thereof. But Congress may by a vote of two-thirds of each House, remove such disability. Section 4. The validity of the public debt of the United States, authorized by law, including debts incurred for payment of pensions and bounties for services in suppressing insurrection or rebellion, shall not be questioned. But neither the United States nor any State shall assume or pay any debt or obligation incurred in aid of insurrection or rebellion against the United States, or any claim for the loss or emancipation of any slave; but all such debts, obligations and claims shall be held illegal and void. Section 5. The Congress shall have the power to enforce, by appropriate legislation, the provisions of this article. Passed by Congress June 13, 1866. Ratified July 9, 1868. Note: Article I, section 2, of the Constitution was modified by section 2 of the 14th amendment. *Changed by section 1 of the 26th amendment. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Fourteenth Amendment Subject The topic of the resource African Americans, civil rights Description An account of the resource The Fourteenth Amendment consists of five sections that conferred citizenship on former slaves and protected the rights of citizens from state abridgement thereof. It was passed by Congress in 1866 and ratified in 1868. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1866, 1868 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Transcription courtesy of Library of Virginia Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource CC BY-SA Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Type The nature or genre of the resource Transcription Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 14th Amendment_Transcription.pdf Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant United States African Americans civil rights https://www.lva.virginia.gov/events/exhibitions/online/oe/files/original/8761c56ef40ce25d45ff5e57bac4b2c9.JPG 7aecc32618ac1d514b8cc7bf57015ecf Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Circular No. 4. Conservative Party State Committee Subject The topic of the resource Politics, race relations Description An account of the resource While the convention called to rewrite Virginia's constitution was meeting, a large gathering of white men organized the Conservative Party on December 11 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Raleigh Travers Daniel Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Broadside 1868 D18, Library of Virginia, Prints and Photographs Division Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource February 12, 1868 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Library of Virginia Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource CC BY-SA Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Type The nature or genre of the resource Broadside Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 07_1268_04 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Virginia politics race relations https://www.lva.virginia.gov/events/exhibitions/online/oe/files/original/80a5479fcee10f14965c9e883472e145.JPG 81fa443fa360a58e446a2389fc859b8b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Regular Union Republican Ticket! Ballot for John Brown Subject The topic of the resource African Americans, suffrage, politics Description An account of the resource A former slave in Southampton County, John Brown emerged as a leader among the freedpeople there after the Civil War. As a candidate for the convention called in 1867 to write a new state constitution as required by federal law, he had ballots like this one printed to give to men voting for him. Almost 98 percent of registered black men in Southampton appeared at the polls on October 22, 1867. All 1,242 black voters and a lone white supported Brown, who easily defeated two white candidates. In the convention he regularly voted with the Radicals to reform and democratize the state constitution and protect the rights of freedpeople. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource John Brown Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Secretary of the Commonwealth, General Election Records, 1867, 1869, Southampton County, Accession 50706, State Government Records Collection, Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1867 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Library of Virginia Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource CC BY-SA Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Type The nature or genre of the resource Printed form Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 15_1072_003 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Southampton County, Virginia African Americans politics suffrage https://www.lva.virginia.gov/events/exhibitions/online/oe/files/original/c610a847ca1411bd12de18e242730bd2.jpg 8f180d58d36be7bc34dfad5e9d56b620 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource King George County Ballot Box labeled "Colored" Subject The topic of the resource African Americans, suffrage Description An account of the resource On October 22, 1867, African American men voted in Virginia for the first time. The army officers who conducted the election recorded the votes of white and black men on separate lists, and in King George County (and likely in other counties as well) white and black men placed their ballots in separate ballot boxes. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Secretary of the Commonwealth, General Election Returns, King George County, Accession 50706, State Government Records Collection, Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1867 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Library of Virginia Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource CC BY-SA Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Type The nature or genre of the resource Pasteboard box Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 15_0128_04 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant King George County, Virginia African Americans suffrage https://www.lva.virginia.gov/events/exhibitions/online/oe/files/original/257eb1abfaf92f291bd9114edb5c39e5.JPG cac63e0f522a3b4c3ac005de61a87b98 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Notice. The Registration of the Voters Subject The topic of the resource Suffrage Description An account of the resource This printed broadside was circulated in Caroline County to notify men where and how to register to vote prior to the election for convention delegates in 1867, the first in which African American men were able to vote. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Alexander G. McKenney, James H. Terrill, John O'Dwyer Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Broadside 1867 M25 FF, Library of Virginia, Prints and Photographs Division Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1867 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Library of Virginia Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource CC BY-SA Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Type The nature or genre of the resource Broadside Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 14_0997_001(1867.M25 FF) Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Caroline County, Virginia suffrage https://www.lva.virginia.gov/events/exhibitions/online/oe/files/original/6c196f6f1c77631202aeb7d5a698cb1f.JPG 3a91f1f4021dc362e0d78c12ea95974c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Mass Convention of the Union Republican Party of Virginia Subject The topic of the resource Politics Description An account of the resource In the spring of 1867, Congress passed an act that required the former Confederate states to hold conventions, in which African Americans were eligible to serve, and to write new state constitutions. In Virginia, African Americans, former Unionists, and men who had settled in Virginia during and after the war organized to prepare for the election. The six men who signed the call for a meeting of the Union Republican Party were all white Unionists who became Republicans during or after the Civil War. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Lysander Hall, John Hawxhurst, Burnham Wardwell, W. R. Smith, James H. Clements, Lewis McKenzie Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Broadside 1867 R42, Library of Virginia, Prints and Photographs Division Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1867 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Library of Virginia Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource CC BY-SA Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Type The nature or genre of the resource Broadside Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 07_0983_46 (1867.R42BOX) Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Richmond, Virginia politics https://www.lva.virginia.gov/events/exhibitions/online/oe/files/original/a9f64e6e93b63841996161e332fee003.jpg 8ff6b61136e432928135d6e447f0377c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource First Vote Subject The topic of the resource African Americans, suffrage, politics Description An account of the resource African Americans in several states, including Virginia, voted for the first time in the autumn of 1867. In this image, a white man is seen conducting the election. An old African American, probably a former slave and wearing patched clothes, deposits his ballot in the glass bowl. Behind him is a well-dressed man, who may have been free before the war, a soldier still in uniform, another man in work clothes, and still other men in line waiting to exercise their right to vote. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Alfred R. Waud Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Harper's Weekly, November 16, 1867 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Harper and Brothers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource November 1867 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Library of Virginia Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource CC BY-SA Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Type The nature or genre of the resource Engraving Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 01_1138_18 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant United States African Americans politics suffrage https://www.lva.virginia.gov/events/exhibitions/online/oe/files/original/7d81eca563d268f8ce2e4c19ea75d7cf.JPG 27932e82631042942fa6777e4df52689 https://www.lva.virginia.gov/events/exhibitions/online/oe/files/original/159978e86ac50016f88a84c5773096bc.JPG 06fa089bebe6e3053a77407a78572553 https://www.lva.virginia.gov/events/exhibitions/online/oe/files/original/c1730e842e9b534a6f5cbbd7ffb30f7f.pdf ac0dfde10f85bbaa681e4c7f42884c4e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Instructions to the Commissioners appointed under the Proclamation of his Excellency, the Governor of this Commonwealth for the "reorganization of Counties not now organized" under the restored Government of Virginia Subject The topic of the resource Confederates, suffrage Description An account of the resource During the summer of 1865, the Secretary of the Commonwealth issued instructions to commissioners of election in the counties that had not been part of the loyal Restored government of Virginia. He advised registrars that by an act of General Assembly, "[T]he right to vote and hold office is restored to all officers attached to militia regiments, disbanded before the 1st day of July 1862, who have not, since the 1st day of January 1864 voluntarily given aid and comfort to the enemies of this State and to the United States." Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Charles H. Lewis Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Gravely Family Papers, 1753-1988, Accession 34126, Personal Papers Collection, Library of Virginia Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1865 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Library of Virginia Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource CC BY-SA Relation A related resource <a title="Gravely Papers" href="http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=lva/vi00103.xml" target="_blank">Finding aid</a> to Gravely Family Papers, 1753-1988 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Type The nature or genre of the resource Manuscript letter Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 14_0383_003, 14_0383_004, Lewis instructions to commissioners_1865_transcription_14_0383_004-005.pdf Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Virginia Confederates suffrage https://www.lva.virginia.gov/events/exhibitions/online/oe/files/original/c8e9db2eee2517c2bb252610b8158a4e.JPG 5a1af1c69450972bf91b6d948781a281 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Who is Eligible to Office Subject The topic of the resource Confederates, public office, politics Description An account of the resource Virginia's Attorney General Thomas R. Bowden, a Unionist Republican, published his opinion during July 1865 in response to questions about who was eligible to hold office in the state. He specified that any person who had held office under the "so-called Confederate or any rebellious State Government," was not eligible to hold a constitutional office, which included any county offices that had been created by the state constitution. Men who had served as local magistrates and other municipal officers during the war, however, were eligible to run for any office. Governor Francis H. Pierpont hoped to resume peaceable civilian government quickly and endorsed applications of former Confederates who applied for a presidential pardon, which enabled them to hold local office. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Thomas R. Bowden Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Executive Papers of Governor Francis H. Pierpont, 1865-1868, Accession 37024, State Government Records Collection, Library of Virginia. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource July 14, 1865 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Library of Virginia Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource CC BY-SA Relation A related resource <a title="Pierpont Papers" href="http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=lva/vi00006.xml" target="_blank">Finding aid</a> to Executive Papers of Governor Francis H. Pierpont Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Type The nature or genre of the resource Broadside Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 15_0164_001 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Virginia Confederates politics public office https://www.lva.virginia.gov/events/exhibitions/online/oe/files/original/e0878bd5f8079e36495e97fc3ae0778c.JPG 0cd0f74de01e6e97fbfae647b459b10d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Important to Voters! Opinion of the Attorney-General of Virginia Subject The topic of the resource Confederates, suffrage, politics Description An account of the resource Virginia's Attorney General Thomas R. Bowden, a Unionist Republican, published his opinion during July 1865 in response to questions about who could vote in the state's upcoming election. He specified that white men over age twenty-one could vote after taking the loyalty oath if they had not held office in the Confederate government, served as officers in the Confederate armed forces, or were otherwise excluded from President Andrew Johnson's May 1865 Amnesty Proclamation. Any white man in the excepted categories could vote if he obtained a presidential pardon for his actions during the Civil War. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Thomas R. Bowden Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Broadside 1865 B78 FF, Library of Virginia, Prints and Photographs Division Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource July 6, 1865 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Library of Virginia Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource CC BY-SA Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Type The nature or genre of the resource Broadside Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 14_0997_002 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Virginia Confederates politics suffrage